Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India is related to which Article?
Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India (1978) is primarily related to Article 21 of the Constitution.
The case expanded the meaning of “Right to Life and Personal Liberty” and held that:
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Any law affecting personal liberty must be just, fair, and reasonable.
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Articles 14, 19, and 21 are interconnected and must be read together.
The case Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India is primarily related to Article 21 of the Constitution of India. It significantly expanded the interpretation of Article 21, which deals with the right to life and personal liberty. The Supreme Court in this landmark judgment held that the “procedure established by law” under Article 21 must be fair, just, and reasonable, and not arbitrary or oppressive.
Additionally, the judgment established the interrelationship between Articles 14, 19, and 21. It emphasized that laws affecting personal liberty must meet the tests under all three Articles. Article 14 ensures equality and non-arbitrariness, Article 19 guarantees certain freedoms, and Article 21 protects life and personal liberty. The Court ruled that even if a law is valid under Article 21, it must not be arbitrary under Article 14 and must not violate freedoms under Article 19.
Thus, Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India broadened the scope of Article 21 and linked it closely with Articles 14 and 19 to ensure procedural fairness and justice in deprivation of personal liberty.
